四季沐歌太阳能和皇明太阳能哪种好

网上有关“四季沐歌太阳能和皇明太阳能哪种好”话题很是火热，小编也是针对四季沐歌太阳能和皇明太阳能哪种好寻找了一些与之相关的一些信息进行分析，如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题，希望能够帮助到您。

推荐皇明太阳能。

皇明太阳能算是中国乃至世界上做光热这一方面的龙头，所以说，皇明太阳能算是全国的龙头，而四季沐歌这个品牌也是不错但是这个产品定位还是有分别的，皇明一直走质量大于一切，所以说定位比较高端一些，而四季沐歌这个定位就低一点，质量相对来说就别叫第一点，所以说要想买太阳能还是推荐皇明。

太阳能热水器使用注意事项：

1、存水需定期排放：太阳能热水器内的存水需定期排放，避免长期积水产生污染。排放周期以当地的水质状况来决定，排放是可以在早上，因为那里集热器温度较低。

2、先开冷水再开热水：如果遇上连续多天是晴天而又没有使用热水的情况，其水温会比较高，在使用时需先开冷水再开热水避免烫伤。

3、冻住的管道解冻：太阳能热水器的管道在冬季经常会被冻住。被冻住的管道如果没有开裂现象，则无需担心，当气温回升后即可正常工作。如果需要给冻住的管道解冻，千万不要敲击管道、用火烧烤或使用开水，不然会发生管道爆裂。可以使用毛巾裹住管道，再用温水缓慢浇淋或电吹风烘吹等方式处理管道。

4、定期清理真空管：为了防止太阳能热水器的真空管内部产生水垢，需定期对它进行清理，周期为2到3年。

空调水系统设计与施工？

MECHANICAL PRELIMINARY DESIGN REPORT

STADIUM

1.给排水设计

饮用水和污水

1.Sanitary Design

Water and sewage water

.设计基础

- 甲方提供的设计任务书和市政管网综合图

- 建筑专业提供的条件图

- 国家现行的设计规范及有关规定设计简章

.Design bases

Design Brief and Municipal integrated network drawing offered by the client.

Condition drawings from architectural discipline.

Current national design codes and related stipulations

2. 给水系统

通过一根DN200的进水管将水引入.水表安装在进水管上,离红线1米处.供水管在红线内连成环路管网,并接到供应楼的消防水池和给排水水池.由环路管网向必需的室外消火栓和绿化带的喷淋器供水.

2. Water supply system

For water supply of this project, DN200 water intake pipes are led in. Water meters are installed on the intake pipes 1.0 m away from the red line. The water supply pipes are connected into loop networks in the red line and then led to the fire pool and sanitary water pool in the supply buildings respectively. Necessary number of outdoor hydrants and sprinklers for green area will be provided on the loop networks.

设计范围

包括红线内的饮用水,污水,雨水,建筑消防.

Design scope

Design scope of this project includes water, sewage water, rainwater, fire-protection in the building, and water and sewage water within the red line.

给排水水池与消防水池分开,容量为100m3 .体操馆供水管埋地敷设.

Sanitary water pool is separated from fire water pool, volume of sanitary water pool is 100m3. Water supply pipes for the stadium will be laid in the earth.

3.用水量标准

- 体育馆: 15升/顾客·日 K=2.0

- 宾馆: 150升/人·日 K=2.0

- 餐厅: 50升/顾客·日 K=2.0

- 工作人员: 25升/人·日 K=2.0

- 地面冲洗用水: 3升/m2日

- 冷却塔补水量:按用水量的2%计

- 未预见水量: 按日用水量20%计

- 消防用水:

消火栓:室内40升/秒,室外30升/秒,火灾延续时间为3小时;

自动喷洒按22升/秒,火灾延续时间为1小时

卷帘水幕用水0.5升/秒·米,火灾延续时间为3小时;

Water consumption standard

- Stadium: 15L/visitor·day K=2.0

- Hotel: 150L/visitor·day K=2.0

- Restaurant: 50L/customer·day K=2.0

- Staff 25L/person·day K=2.0

- Floor cleaning: 3L/m2·day

Make-up water for cooling tower: 2% of the

actual cold water consumption.

Unforeseen water consumption: 20% of the daily

water consumption.

Water for fire protection

Hydrant: 40L/s indoor, 30L/s outdoor, fire

duration time is 3h;

Sprinkler: 22L/s, fire duration time is 1h;

Drencher for rolling shutter: 0.5L/s·m, fire duration time is 3h;

在适当的位置设置饮用水机,在主进口为残障人设置两个饮用水机.为此饮用水系统安装循环泵.机房 设在地下室的水除了机房.当饮用水机不被使用时,应排空,以免水质腐败.

在客房和餐厅内设置电热水器,同时亦为热水供应设置循环泵.

在更衣间旁设置电热水器,为淋浴和洗盥供应热水.

为楼板清洁安装一定数量的水龙头.

Some suitable places are supplied with portable water drinking units, two drinking units for disable people are provided at main entrances, for this portable water system, circulating pumps are adopted, the equipment room is located in water treatment center in the basement. When there is no use, portable water will be drained completely to avoid deterioration.

Electric water heaters are installed in guest rooms and restaurant, also hot water circulating pumps will be provided for supplying hot water.

Electric water heaters are installed near the changing and clothing rooms for supplying hot water for shower and washing.

Certain number of water taps are installed for floor-cleaning.

4.用水量

最大日用水量:2.200m3/日

最大时用水量:220m3/时

Water consumption demand

Maximum daily water consumption: 2.200m3/day

Maximum hourly water consumption: 220m3/hour

却循环系统

冷却水循环系统采用机械循环系统.总冷却水用量为460m3/h.在供应楼顶设置三台超低噪音冷却塔(230 m3/h, 2x 115 m3/h).进水温度37Co,出水温度32Co .补充水量

9,6 m3/h.补充水由市政供水网直接提供.

Cooling water circulation system

There are cooling water circulation system in this project, cooling water for the refrigerators adopts mechanical circulation system. Total water consumption of cooling towers is 460m3/h. On roof of the supply building there are 3 ultra-low noise cooling towers (230 m3/h, 2x 115 m3/h), inlet temperature of 37Co, outlet temperature of 32Co, with make-up water of 9,6 m3/h. Make-up water of the cooling towers will be supplied directly by the municipal network.

在消防泵房内有消火栓泵(一个运行,一个备用),喷淋泵(一个运行,一个备用),卷帘雨淋泵(一个运行,一个备用).用于地下车库的泡沫喷淋设备,如报警阀,泡沫压缩罐,化学药剂泵安装在消防设备中心.30.0m3 消防水箱和消防稳压装置分别安装在车库的四面墙.

In the fire water pump room, there are hydrant pumps (one operation, one standby), sprinkler pumps (one operation, one standby) and rolling shutter drencher pumps (one operation, one standby).

Fire equipment, which are used for the foam sprinkler system in underground garage, such as fire alarm valves, foam concentrated tank and chemical dosing pump, etc. are provided in fire equipment centers. Four 30.0m3 fire water tanks and fire protection stabilized pressure devices are respectively located at four sides next to the garages.

消防用水

消火栓:室内按40升/秒,室外按30升/秒,火灾延续时间按3个小时计

自动喷洒按22升/秒,火灾延续时间按1小时计

卷帘水幕用水量 0.5升/秒·米,火灾延续时间按3个小时计

消火栓:室内,室外用水量皆为756m3;

自动喷洒用水量为79.2 m3;

卷帘水幕用水量为 270m3;

一次火灾用水量为1.861,2;

Water for fire protection

Water consumption standard for fire protection

Hydrant: 40L/s indoor, 30L/s outdoor, fire duration is 3h

Sprinkler: 22L/s, fire duration is 1h

Drencher for rolling shutter: 0.5L/s·m, fire duration is 3h

Water consumption for fire protection

Hydrant: indoor and outdoor water consumptions are 756m3 respectively

Sprinkler: 79.2 m3

Drencher for rolling shutter: 270m3

Water consumption for one fire: 1.105,2 m3

消火栓的布置

在整个建筑物内沿墙,沿柱,沿走廊,风塔上及楼梯附近设有必要数量的室内消火栓,消火栓间距小于30米.消火栓管网水平,竖向皆成环状布置,消火栓箱内配有DN65消火栓一支,25米衬胶水龙带一条,φ19毫米喷咀水枪一支,并配消防卷盘(DN25消火栓一支,30米胶管,φ9毫米喷咀水枪一支)且设有可直接启动消火栓泵的按钮;在室内消火栓箱下设有磷酸铵盐手提式灭火器箱.室内消火栓系统在室外设有三组水泵接合器.

Hydrant arrangement

Necessary number of hydrants are installed indoors along the wall, columns, corridors, and staircases, at intervals of less than 30m. Hydrant networks are connected as a loop both horizontally and vertically. Inside each hydrant box, a DN65 hydrant, a 25m long rubber lined hose, a water nozzle of φ19mm, hose reel (a DN25 hydrant, a 30m long rubber lined hose and a water nozzle ofφ9mm), and a direct starting button for the hydrant pump are provided.

Under each indoor hydrant box, a portable ammonium phosphate powder extinguisher box is installed. There are three sets of pump adopters being installed outdoors for the indoor hydrant system.

消防系统

防水泵房及消防水池

供水管DN200在红线内连成环路管网,管网上安装 一定数量的消火栓.两根DN200供水管分别引入供应楼内两个消防泵房内的消防水池.消防水池总容量不应小于4000m3, 每个为2.000m3.

Fire protection system

Water pump room and water pool for fire protection

The lead-in pipes (DN200) are connected as a loop inside the red line, on the loop, certain number of hydrants are installed.Two water supply pipes (DN200) are led into the fire water pools at each fire water pump room in supplybuilding. In consideration of the importance of the project, the volume of the fire water pools should be not less than 4000m3, each is 2.000m3.

自动喷淋系统

自动喷淋系统安装在全建筑范围,除了室外和高于10 米的房间.喷淋泵安装在地下的消防泵房内.报警阀设置在地下的消防泵房内和中间的消防设备中心内,水流显示器设在每个防火分区内.

Sprinkler system

Sprinkler systems will be provided inside the whole building except outside areas and roomshigher than 10m, with sprinkler pumps installed in the underground fire water pump rooms. Alarming valves installed in underground fire water pump rooms and four fire equipment centers in the middle, water flow indicators are installed by fire compartments.

除了安装一个封闭喷淋系统,将为地下车库设置一个泡沫喷淋系统.餐厅内安装93oC启动的自动喷淋头,但在其它房间,仅安装93oC启动的普通和快速反应自动喷淋头.三组泵接合器安装在室外.

Besides an enclosed sprinkler system, a foam sprinkler system composed of a proportioning mixer and a foam concentrated tank is provided for the underground garage. Sprinkler actuated at 93oC are provided in the restaurants, but in other rooms, only ordinary sprinklers and fast response sprinklers actuated at 68oC are provided.

Three sets of pump adaptors for this system will be installed outdoors.

排水系统

为排水系统设置污水主立管和特别垂直排气管.排气管与污水管在每层连接,污水排出体操馆.餐厅的污水首先在油脂分离池中处理,然后排入室外排水网.给排水污水将被在化粪池收集和处理,然后排入市政排水管网.化粪池在输送区旁.最大天排水量为870m3/天.

9. Drainage system

Main vertical sewage pipes and special vertical vent pipes are provided for the drainage system. The vent pipes are connected with sewage pipe at each floor; sewage water is drained out of stadium. Sewage water in the restaurants and garage are treated in the grease and oil separation tank, and then discharged into the outdoor drainage networks. Sanitary sewage water is collected and treated in the septic tank, then drained into the municipal drainage. The septic tanks are located besides the deliverycircle. Maximum daily drainage amount is 870m3/day.

卷帘水幕系统

地下车库设置有卷帘水幕系统.水幕泵安装在消防水泵房内,采用开式雨淋头,电动或手动控制.十组泵接合器安装在室外

Drencher system for rolling shutters

Rolling shutter protected by drenchers are provided for the underground garage, the drencher pumps are installed in the fire water pump rooms, open drencher heads are selected, and are controlled both by electrically and manually. Ten pump adapters will be installed outdoors for this system.

地下室内污水设有污水坑,废水设有废水坑,生活污水,废水经潜污泵提升排至室外排水管网,潜污泵的启停皆由磁性浮球控制器的控制.

地下汽车库废水设有废水坑,废水经潜污泵提升排至室外,经隔油池处理后排入室外雨水管网.

There are cesspits for sewage water and wastewater pits for wastewater in the basement, the sewage and wastewater is sucked up and drained to the outdoor drainage networks by submerged sewage pumps.

Operation of the pumps is controlled by the magnetic floating ball controllers.

Wastewater pits are provided for the underground garage, wastewater is sucked up and drained to outdoor oil separation tank by submerged sewage pumps, after treated, wastewater is drained to the outdoors rainwater networks.

在柴油发电机房,变配电房和通讯设备机房设低压二氧化碳气体灭火系统.

Low pressure CO2 extinguisher systems are provided in diesel generator rooms, transformer substations and telecommunication equipment rooms.

在本建筑内按"建筑灭火器配置设计规范"在每个消火栓箱下设手提式灭火器箱,箱内设有必要数量的磷酸铵盐手提式灭火器.

According to the Code for Design of Extinguisher Disposition in Buildings, portable fire extinguisher box, in which there are necessary number of portable ammonium phosphate powder extinguishers, will be installed under every hydrant box.

在每个消防电梯井底旁设有消防排水坑,废水经潜污泵提升排至室外.

Fire water drain pit is provided at side of bottom of each fire elevator well, waste water will be sucked up and drained out by the pumps.

雨水系统

雨水排水屋顶采用压力流排水.

雨水设计重现期按P=10年计算,降雨历时为5分钟,暴雨强度公式按Q=998.002(1+0.568lgP)/(t+1.983)0.465计算.

沿柱在屋面设置雨水沟.雨水通过雨水沟收集,然后进入雨水头和下排管,然后到室外雨水观察井.

10. Rainwater system

Pressurized drainage system is adopted for roof rainwater drainage system.

Here, return period P=10 years, rainfall duration is 5 minutes, stormwater amount is calculated by the following formula:

Q=998.002(1+0.568lgT)/(t+1.983)0.465

Rainwater gutters are provided on roof along columns, skylight. Rainwater is collected in the gutter, then to rainwater heads and downpipes, and to the outdoors rainwater inspection wells.

11.管材

- 生活给水管,冷却塔补水管采用铜管,氩弧焊接.

- 直饮水管采用不锈管.

- 消火栓管,冷却循环管,水幕管,水泵吸水管采用焊接钢管,焊接.

- 自动喷洒水管,雨淋水管采用热镀锌钢管,丝扣连接或卡压连接.

-二氧化碳管采用无缝钢管焊接.

- 地下车库泡沫喷淋水管采用不锈钢管,卡压连接.

Pipe material

Copper pipes connected by argon arc welding are adopted for the sanitary water pipes, make-up water pipes for cooling towers.

Stainless stell pipes are adopted for portable water pipes.

Welded steel pipes connected by welding are selected for hydrant pipes, cooling circulating pipes, drencher pipes, pump suction pipes.

Hot-galvanized steel pipes connected by threads or compression-seizing are selected for sprinkler and deluge sprinler pipes.

Seamless steel pipes connected by welding are selected for CO2 pipes.

Stainless steel pipes connected by pressed clamp is selected for the pipes of foam sprinklers in the underground garage.

当雨水两超出雨水沟设计量时,雨水可沿屋檐自由排放.雨水被收集,然后排入市政集水池.

When the amount of rainwater is more than the design value of the gutters, water is discharged naturally along the eaves. Rainwater is collected, and then drained to the municipal catch basins.

围绕体育馆的循环池将用于喷洒运动场和作为室外绿化带的储水池.

此池将作为一个循环过滤设施,可容水约7.500 m .

喷洒压力设备和其它必须的过滤设备安装在供应楼里.

The circular senic pool surround stadium will be used for spraying sportsfield and as reservoir for outdoor greening.

The pool will be used as a circular filtering facility and will be adopted with a water volume of about 7.500 m .

The spray water pressurizing equipment as well as further necessary filtering equipment will be adopted in the supply building.

2.0 制冷

2.0 Cooling

冷源:

空调冷负荷(估算):

本工程建筑面积共50.000平方米,包括观众区,休息室,更衣室,小会议室,餐厅,办公室和其它附属房.空调设计日峰值冷负荷为2.4MW,设计日总冷负荷为3 kW.

Refrigerating source

Cooling load of air conditioning system

Total floor area for this building is 50,000sqm, which includes spectator areas, lounges, Clothing and changing rooms small meeting rooms, restaurant, office and other auxiliary rooms. Designed dayly peak cooling load is 2,4MW, designed total dayly cooling load is 3kW.

每台1200kW制冷机配一台 流量为206m3/h离心泵.各配一台备用泵

一次泵采用压差旁路控制.

通过埋地敷管,向游泳体操馆供应冷冻水.

A centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 103m3/h is provided for each 1200kW chiller. One operation pump with a standby corresponds to one chiller.

Pressure difference branch control is adopted for primary pump

Via earth laid pipes from supply building to gymnasium chilled water supply will be deliverded.

冷源的选择:

根据建筑的实际情况,3台制冷机将安装在供应楼内的冷冻机房.设计容量为4800kW. 为了实现能量的效率化使用,设计方案为,1台制冷机的出力为总设计容量的50%.而另2 台.每台出力为总设计容量的25%.

冷冻水系统的主要设备包括3台电动制冷机,一级冷冻泵,二级冷冻泵,自动控制阀等等.冷冻水的供/回水温度为-7/ 12°C.

Selection of refrigerating source

According to the real condition of the building, 3 chillers are located in the refrigerating plant rooms in the supply building, designed capacity is 2400kW. For actuing in an energy efficient way one chiller about 50% of total capacity (1.200 kW) and two chillers with 25% of total (600 kW each)capacity each are adopted.

Main equipment of chilled water system includes 3 electrical chiller, primary cool water pump, secondary chilled water pump and automatic controlled valve, etc. supply/return temperature of the chiller is-7/ 12°C.

二次泵系统:根据使用功能,各制冷机房又分成不同的循环支路.

二次泵采用变频调速控制.根据负荷侧供回水管的压差,控制水泵的转速.

二次泵循环支路的管道采用异程式.

Secondary pump system:

Each refrigerating plant room is subdivided into different circulation branch loops according to use functions.

Variable-frequency speed-regulating control is adopted for secondary pumps. The rotating speed of a water pump is controlled according to the pressure difference between water supply and return pipes.

Direct return system is adopted for the pipes of circulating branch of secondary pumps

空调冷冻水系统

由于本工程占地面积大,功能复杂,有连续使用,也有间歇使用,为了达到运行灵活,节能的目的,空调冷冻水系统采用两管制二次泵系统.

Chilled water system

Due to the large occupied area of this project, the complicated functions and the combination of continuous utilization and intermittent utilization, in order to accomplish the purpose of flexible operation and energy saving, the chilled water system is of two-pipe secondary pump system.

管材:

水管采用焊接钢管及无缝钢管.

本工程的风管除土建风道外,均采用镀锌铁皮咬口制作.每节风管之间用法兰连接.

Pipe and duct materials

The water pipes adopt welded steel pipes and seamless steel pipes.

Air ducts for this project are made of galvanized sheet steel by seaming except ducts by civil construction. Air ducts are connected together by flanges.

一次泵系统:

供应楼冷冻机房

2400kW制冷机配一台离心泵, 流量为412m3/h.配一台备用泵.

Primary pump system:

Chiller room supply building

A centrifugal pump with a flow rate of 412m3/h is provided for 1200kW chiller. One operation pump with a standby corresponds to one chiller.

保温材料:

空调供,回水管,冷凝水管采用酚醛管壳保温.

空调送,回风管以及处理后的新风管采用外贴铝箔的离心玻璃棉板保温.

- 管道穿防火墙的空隙处采用岩棉材料等非燃材料填充.

Thermal materials

phenolic pipes are adopted for thermal insulation of water supply and return pipes for air conditioning, as well as air-conditioning condensate pipes.

Aluminum foil faced glass fiber boards are adopted for thermal insulation of air-conditioning air supply and return ducts as well as fresh air ducts after chillers.

Non-flammable material will be selected to fill the interspace in the fire protection wall where the ducts go through.

消声与隔振:

冷水机组,水泵等设备采用减振台座,弹簧减振器或橡胶减振垫减振降噪.

在空调机组,新风机组,通风机的进出口采用涂胶帆布软管连接.

- 水泵进出水管上采用可曲挠橡胶接头,使设备振动与配管隔离.

Noise reduction and vibration isolation

Shock absorption bases, spring shock absorbers on rubber shock absorption pads are adopted for equipment, such as water chiller units, pumps, etc to reduce vibration and lower noise.

Flexible rubber-coated canvas hoses are adopted far connections of inlets and outlets of air-conditioning units, fresh air handling units and ventilators.

Flexible rubber couplings are adopted for the water intake and delivery pipes of the pumps to isolate equipment vibration from their pipes.

3.0空调和通风系统

3.0 Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems

方案设计范围

Scope of schematic design

空调设计

Air Conditioning Design

在体育馆内,一些区域设置空调系统.这些区域划分为:

西侧地下二层的贵宾休息室

东侧地下二层酒店门廊

地下一层的输送区,技术机房,运动员更衣间,医务服务,热身区,裁判区,健身中心,酒店大堂,会议室,厨房,特许区和贵宾大堂混合区.

首层的酒店大堂,酒店区,贵宾门廊,急救

In the stadium, in some ranges air conditioning systems are used. These ranges subdivide themselves as follows:

VIP – Lobby in West of levelel -2

Hotel lobby in the east of level –2

Delivary Circle, technical Plantrooms, Changingrooms for the athletes, Medical Service and warm up area, Judges Area, Fitness Center, Hotel Lobby, Conferenz, Kitchen and Concession, Vip lobby- Mixed Zone in level -1

Hotel lobby, Hotel area, Vip lobby, Vip Area, First aid in 0

一。设备间面积及层高与管路布置原则

随着智能建筑及建筑功能的发展，设备布置所需的空间越来越受限制了。设备间的管路管线只有认真公道的进行空间治理，才能节省空间，并避免不必要的返工。

设备层布置原则：20层以内的高层建筑：宜在上部或下部设一个设备层

30层以内的高层建筑：宜在上部和下部设两个设备层

30层以上超高层建筑：宜在上、中、下分别设设备层

生产厂房宜在其周边辅房内设空调设备，冷水机组及锅炉房等设备宜设在独立的建筑内。

设备层内管道布置原则：离地h≤2.0m　布置空调设备，水泵等

h=2.5~3.0m　布置冷、热水管道

h=3.6~4.6m　布置空调透风管道

h〉4.6m布置电线电缆

设备层层高概略：

建筑面积（㎡）设备层层高（m）建筑面积（㎡）设备层层高（m）

10004.0150005.5

30004.5200006.0

50004.5250006.0

100005.0300006.5

在实际施工中往往由于机房空间不够或管线布置不公道，导致没有空调水阀组的安装位置，阀门装设过高，不便操纵。

二。水泵选择与安装

在设计空调水系统时应进行必要的水力计算，根据设计流量计算出在该流量下管路的阻力，以确保选用水泵的扬程公道。在对流量和扬程乘以一定的安全裕量后，进行水泵的选择。有些设计职员未进行设计计算，以为扬程大一些保险，导致所选择的水泵不能满足要求，或者造成运行用度增加，甚至水泵不能正常工作。

一般工程项目中配置的冷水机组都在2至4台之间，对于规模很大的工程项目，甚至需要5台以上的冷水机组并联工作。制冷站内的主机与水泵的匹配一般来说是一机对一泵，以保证冷水机组的水流量及正常运行，因此，目前我国空调水系统大多为有2台或2台以上水泵并联的定流量系统或一次泵变流量系统。空调设计时，都是按最大负荷情况来进行设备选择以保证最不利情况时的需要。在循环水泵采用并联运行方式时，选择水泵一定要按管路特性与水泵并联特性曲线进行选型计算。选型时，除应留意水泵在设计工况时的性能参数外，还应关注水泵的特性曲线，尽量选择特性曲线陡的水泵并联工作。运行职员应留意工况转换时对阀门的调节。

很多空调设计都是冬夏两用的，即随着季节的变化，为盘管供给冷水或热水。冬季热负荷一般比夏季冷负荷小，且空调水系统供回水温差夏季一般取5℃，冬季取10℃，根据空调水系统循环流量计算公式G=0.86Q/ΔT（式中Q为空调负荷KW，ΔT为水系统温差℃，G为水系统循环流量m3/h），则夏季空调循环水流量将是冬季的2-3倍。所以水泵应根据夏季工况参数选型。

水泵安装时，其进出水口均应安装金属软接或橡胶软接，以减小振动对管路的影响，并保护水泵。重量大于300kg的水泵应安装惯性基础和减震器。惯性基础一般用型钢框架内填混凝土（C30）制作。惯性基础的重量一般为水泵自重的1.5—2倍。减震器应根据惯性基础重量和水泵重量并考虑水泵的动载荷选取。此外还应在水泵惯性基础上安装水平限位装置。

水泵出口声响异常，一般是系统阻力太大，导致系统缺水来引起的。

解决方法：1.再开启一台水泵。运行两台水泵时，异响消失。

2.适当关小泵出口阀门，异响消失。

3.泵前过滤器太脏，吸不上水，拆洗过滤器。

4.系统排气，减小系统阻力。

三。冷冻水系统设计与施工

1.系统冷冻水（或盐水）流量估算0.14~0.20L/S（0.25~0.40L/S）/冷吨。1RT=3516.91W.

2.冷冻水系统的补水量（膨胀水箱）

水箱容积计算：Vb=a△tVsm3

Vb—膨胀水箱有效容积（即从信号管到溢流管之间高差内的容积）m3

a—水的体积膨胀系数，a=0.0006L/℃

△t—最大的水温变化值℃

Vs—系统内的水容量m3，即系统中管道和设备内总容水量

3.冷冻水系统流速规定

DN100及以上管道：2.0m/s~3.0m/s

DN80~DN100管道：1.0m/s~2.0m/s

DN40~DN80管道：1.0m/s左右

DN40以下管道：1.0m/s以下

无论如何，冷冻水系统管路的流速不应大于3.0m/s.

系统运行时或刚开机时，水中不可避免混有空气，所以系统管路上应根据管径安装自动放气阀。特别要留意立管顶端最易积聚空气，阻碍冷冻水正常活动，必须安装自动放气阀。为便于维修，在过滤器及控制阀处应设置旁通管，在水泵的进出口处，系统最低点和局部低点应设排水阀。

生产厂房内冷冻水系统假如系统较大，末端设备较多时，建议采用同程式系统。既可以避免安装多级平衡阀，节约本钱，又轻易达到水力平衡。

冷冻水系统管路多采用焊接，焊渣等杂物非常轻易掉到管道内，堵塞过滤器或盘管。所以安装完成后，应进行管路清洗，清洗时应敲打管路，除往附着在管内壁的焊渣等杂物。系统初次运行一周后应清洗过滤器。空调水管路焊接应该用氩弧焊打底，电焊盖面。由于氩弧焊打底不会出现焊渣，且焊缝致密，不易渗漏。

冷冻水系统初次运行时，应先打开供水阀，待系统布满水后，再打开回水阀，以利于往除管路的杂质，防止进进盘管。

四。冷却水系统设计与施工

制冷机冷却水量估算表

活塞式制冷机（t/kw）0.215

离心式制冷机（t/kw）0.258

吸收式制冷机（t/kw）0.3

螺杆式制冷机（t/kw）0.193~0.322

冷却塔的选择：

1.现在一般中心空调工程使用较多的是低噪声或超低噪声型玻璃钢逆流式冷却塔，其国产品的代号一般为DBNL-水量数（m3/h）。如DBNL3-100型表示水量为100m3/h，第三次改型设计的超低噪声玻璃钢逆流式冷却塔。即：水量数（m3/h）=（主机制冷量+压缩机输进功率）÷3.165

2.初先的冷却塔的名义流量应满足冷水机组要求的冷却水量，同时塔的进水和出水温度应分别与冷水机组冷凝器的出水和进水温度相一致。再根据设计地室外空气的湿球温度，查产品样本给出的塔热工性能曲线或说明，校核塔的实际流量是否仍不小于冷水机要求的冷却水量。

3.校核所选塔的结构尺寸、运行重量是否适合现场安装条件

4.扼要经验值计算公式：

设备总冷量（KW）×856（大卡）÷3000×（1.2～1.3）=冷却塔水流量

冷却水系统的补水量包括：1蒸发损失2漂水损失3排污损失4泄水损失

建议冷却水系统的补水量取为循环水量的1—1.6%，电制冷、水质好时，取小值，溴化锂吸收式制冷、水质差时，取大值。冷却水系统设计应留意的题目

1.多台冷却塔并联时，冷却塔进水管路应设置平衡阀或电动控制阀，平衡管路阻力。

2.冷却水系统水质较差时，应设计旁滤系统，过滤冷却水。

3.在有结冻危险的地区，冷却塔间歇运行时，为防止冷却塔水池结冰，应设加热管线。室外冷却水管应保温。

冷却塔漂水过大是施工调试中经常碰到的题目。其主要原因是冷却水量超过额定流量。调节冷凝器进出水阀门，观察出水压力表，把压差控制在额定范围内（一般压差为0.08MPa左右），一般就可以解决题目。假如不行，再往查看布水器喷口喷射角度是否过于朝下，调节冷却塔布水器的喷射角度，使其稍有倾斜（15度）。

五。冷凝水系统设计与施工

通常，可以根据机组的冷负荷Q（KW）按下列数据近似选定冷凝水管的公称直径。

Q≤7kWDN=20mm

Q=7.1～17.6kWDN=25mm

Q=101～176kWDN=40mm

Q=177～598kWDN=50mm

Q=599～1055kWDN=80mm

Q=1056～1512kWDN=100mm

Q=1513～12462kWDN=125mm

Q>12462kWDN=150mm

注：1.DN=15mm的管道，不推荐使用。2.立管的公称直径，就与水平干管的直径相同。3.冷凝水管的公称直径DN（mm），应根据通过冷凝水的流量计算确定

风机盘管机组、整体式空调器、组合式空调机组等运行过程中产生的冷凝水，必须及时予以排走。排放冷凝水管道的设计，应留意以下事项：

1.沿水流方向，水平管道应保持不小于千分之一的坡度；且不答应有积水部位。

2.当冷凝水盘位于机组负压区段时，凝水盘的出水口处必须设置水封，水封的高度应比凝水盘处的负压（相当于水柱高度）大50%左右。水封的出口，应与大气相通。为了防止冷凝水管道表面产生结露，必须进行防结露验算。

3.冷凝水立管的顶部，应设计通向大气的透气管。

4.设计和布置冷凝水管路时，必须认真考虑定期冲洗的可能性，并应设计安排必要的设施。

5.大型电子厂房的MAU机组，AHU机组因冷凝水量大，应考虑回收。回水的冷凝水可以做为冷却塔的补水。

冷凝水施工中，管道安装一定留意不能倒坡。很多情况都是由于倒坡使冷凝水不能正常排放，导致凝水盘处溢水。安装时存水弯的高度应符合设计要求，否则冷凝水不能排出。

冷凝水管在吊顶上敷设时，应认真保温，防止结露。

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